Public Relations - Comprehensive Education

Public Relations - comprehensive education

by Y. Babji 

PR Practitioner & Faculty

Hyderabad

Any profession, be it Journalism or Public Relations must have a technical basis or body of knowledge to distinguish it as a profession, distinct from others. Though Public Relations profession in India has grown, it is yet to gain identity as a strategic management discipline. Therefore, Indian Public Relations today requires a body of knowledge, professional skills, professional literature and research. Such a body of knowledge in the shape of public relations education will facelift the profession on par with engineering or management disciplines.
“There is a yawning gap between PR education and PR educators on one side and the Industry on the other”, observes Dr C V Narasimha Reddi, a legendary personality in Public Relations profession. He stresses that “(a) Professional education, (b) Continuing professional development training and (c) Research together becomes a matrix that is essential for growth of PR discipline”. His observations on the upswing in public relations activity in every sector demands the growing need for qualified PR professionals and this demand and supply are like testimonials for the present as well as for the posterity.
This kind of a situation is not exclusive to India. As far as PR profession is concerned, the situation is similar even in advanced countries as pointed out in the recent reports of Global Alliance and of a Commission on PR Education in USA. In western systems of education, there are “major” subjects to specialize along with ‘minors’ at certain levels to keep pace with trends and requirements. To some extent, corporate/private colleges in India whose business is to sell education are able to offer such kind of courses. They can even fly the faculty from different parts of the Globe. But the fee is prohibitive. Can an ordinary student who aspires to prosecute such studies afford to it? After all, ours is a welfare state. Indian Universities, on the other hand make efforts sincerely to update patterns of courses, structure of syllabi etc but by the time these things could take a shape, they become out-moded, yet relevant, because Indian system of education is wholesome at every level. For example, if PR is to be taught even at post graduate level, a dose of history, a dose of economics, a dose of management, a dose of media, a dose of masscom, a bit of ethics, a dose of sociology are also taught to give an idea of closely as well as remotely related subjects. Because of this, India is able to produce both generalists as well as specialists in every field of knowledge.
In terms of employability, those who roll out of corporate colleges with Pg Certificate or Pg Diploma of 9 months or 12 months duration either in Journalism or Masscom or Public Relations are acceptable to industry to the extent of 95%. The simple reason behind this is ‘what a candidate possesses is what Industry expects’, a mere stylish communicative English and a few personal selling techniques. Are we mis-judging the Industry expectations? This is a debatable issue.
Faculty
When we talk about PR Educators and their suitability we have to be prudent. The permanent faculty in Universities and Colleges is insufficient. The right kind of visiting faculty is scarce. Can any PR practitioner, public or private, whose economic objective is different, spare an hour a week to teach? The remuneration offered by the conventional universities is less than the travel cost of a shuttle. Only those who are committed to teaching and committed to profession are doing it for decades and producing excellent PR managers. It is nothing but ‘devils chanting Vedas’ if an unprofessional teaches a subject that can be taught only by professionals.
Syllabus
There is a criticism that the syllabus for PR courses right from Certificate Course to Master’s Degree is repetitive. We read lessons about the Emperor Ashoka in primary classes. We also read about the same Emperor at PG level as part of Ancient Indian History. Repetition is neither wrong nor unwarranted. Course contents are not novels to impress or entertain somebody, but written to inform and educate the knowledge seekers. It all depends on how effectively it is taught and how interestingly it is learnt.
“Education begins when schooling ends”. “Teacher is a guide”. “Syllabus is a guiding light”. “The actual process of learning starts only after entering into the practical world”. To understand the above statements, have a look at the following explanations.
What is education?
Education is the learning of knowledge, information and skills during the course of life. Teachers may draw on many subjects, including reading, writing,  mathematics, science and history. Teachers in specialized professions such as  astrophysics, law or zoology may teach only a certain subject, usually as professors at institutions of higher learning. There is much specialist instruction in fields for those who want specific skills, such as required to be a pilot, for example. Finally, there is an array of educational opportunity at the informal level - such as with museums, libraries and the internet. Informal education also includes knowledge and skills learned during the course of life, including education that comes from experience.
Education is a broad concept, referring to all the experiences in which students can learn something:
1. Instruction refers to the intentional facilitating of learning toward identified goals, delivered either by an instructor or other forms.
2. Teaching refers to the actions of a real live instructor designed to impart learning to the student.
3. Training refers to learning with a view toward preparing learners with specific knowledge, skills, or abilities that can be applied immediately upon completion.
While so, PR education in India is at the cross road trying to find its way. Public Relations is being taught as one of the subjects of Communication and Journalism courses. A very few educational institutions offer exclusive PR courses.
AP Model PR Courses
Based on the initiatives of Public Relations Voice which has organised a Round Table on PR Education, the Andhra Pradesh State Council of Higher Education (APSCHE) has constituted an Expert Committee to revamp Journalism, Public Relations & Communication education for Andhra Pradesh. Three Subject Committees were formed for PR, Journalism and Mass Communication separately. These committees met several times, studied and recommended courses and model syllabi in tune with changed circumstances.
The State Council of Higher Education, has issued guidelines vide their letter dated 26th Feb 2009 for implementation of model syllabus and courses. So far as Public Relations is concerned, the following three courses have been recommended by the subject committee headed by Dri CV Narasimha Reddi. The author of this article is a member of this committee)
1. BA with Mass Communication and Public Relations as one of the three core subjects – three years course
2. MCJ with Public Relations specialisation – one year course
3. MS in Public Relations – two years course
These three courses will have to be implemented by various Universities from the year 2009-10. These courses are to be called as AP Model PR Courses. National Councils of PRSI, ABCI, PRCI, GFPR may have to consider these courses together with model syllabi and recommend to their chapters in the country to take initiative to approach the State Councils in each State to adopt similar model. National councils may also approach UGC to issue guidelines to all the Indian Universities for introduction of these courses, in the interest of the profession.
What is Learning?
Learning is acquiring new knowledge, behaviors, skills, values, preferences or understanding, and may involve synthesizing different types of information. The ability to learn is possessed by humans, animals and some machines. Human learning may occur as part of education or personal development. It may be goal-oriented and may be aided by motivation.
Learning may occur as a result of habituation or classical conditioning or as a result of more complex activities such as play, seen only in relatively intelligent animals and humans. Learning may occur consciously or without conscious awareness.
What is Training?
The term training refers to the acquisition of knowledge, skills, and competencies as a result of the teaching of vocational or practical skills and knowledge that relate to specific useful competencies. It forms the core of apprenticeships and provides the backbone of content at educational institutions. In addition to the basic training required for an occupation or profession, observers recognize the need to continue training beyond initial qualifications: to maintain, upgrade and update skills throughout working life. People within many professions and occupations may refer to this sort of training as professional development.
Some commentators use a similar term for workplace learning to improve performance: training and development. One can generally categorize such training as on-the-job or off-the-job:
1. On-the-job training takes place in a normal working situation, using the actual tools, equipment, documents or materials that trainees will use when fully trained. On-the-job training has a general reputation as most effective for professional work.
2. Off-the-job training takes place away from normal work situations — implying that the employee does not count as a directly productive worker while such training takes place. Off-the-job training has the advantage that it allows people to get away from work and concentrate more thoroughly on the training itself. This type of training has proven more effective in inculcating concepts and ideas.
Training differs from exercise in that people may dabble in exercise as an occasional activity for fun. Training has specific goals of improving one's capability, capacity and performance.
What is Teaching?
In education, a teacher is a person who teaches. A teacher who teaches an individual student may also be described as a personal tutor. The role of teacher is often formal and ongoing, carried out by way of occupation or profession at a school or other place of formal education. In many countries, a person wishing to become a teacher at state-funded schools must first obtain  professional qualifications or credentials from a university or college. These professional qualifications may include the study of pedagogy, the science of teaching. Teachers may use a lesson plan to facilitate student learning, providing a course of study which covers a standardized curriculum.
What is Accreditation in PR?
One next step all seasoned practitioners should consider is earning the Accredited in Public Relations (APR) designation. Earning the APR certification is a proof of successfully demonstrated competency in the knowledge, skills and abilities required to practice public relations effectively in today’s business arena. The APR Accreditation is the only professional certification program open to public relations professionals. The Universal Accreditation Board (UAB), a consortium of 9 leading industry organizations, including PRSA, administers the Accreditation program.
"The value of accreditation is that at minimum it lets others know that you possess the skills required to be an effective practitioner and that you have a working knowledge and understanding of the profession and its development that sets you apart from others. To a prospective employer, accreditation signals your seriousness about the profession and that you possess a certain level of competency and preparedness." - Ted Richardson, APR Vice President, Corporate Relations United Insurance Co. of America
“APR is a symbol of professionalism. It demonstrates that individuals have the knowledge, ethics and experience that set them apart. It also demonstrates that they care about their own profession and that they are dedicated to enhancing their own personal abilities." - Joe S. Epley, APR, Fellow PRSA, Chairman and CEO, Epley Associates, Charlotte, NC.
Public Relations shall rest on its tripod of Education, Literature and Professional Organisation. Its trident weapon is Knowledge, Skills and Abilities. The triangle approach to professional advancement is through learning, training and teaching. Of course, Research, Accreditation & Achievements are the height of it. One who pursues all the above triplets would have educated oneself comprehensively in Public Relations and sure to find his place in the annals of PR History, just as Dr CV Narasimha Reddi did.
In fine, the future of public relations profession in India as discussed in this article is based on a 6-point formula – (1) Public Relations education (2) Public Relations Training (3) Professional skills (4) Research to measure PR programmes (5) Accreditation of professionals and (6) a strong professional body to promote all these attributes